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Robert Charles riots
The Robert Charles riots of 1900 were sparked after African American laborer Robert Charles shot a white police officer which led to a manhunt. Twenty-eight people were killed in the conflict, including Charles. Many more people were killed and wounded in the riots. The manhunt for Charles began after an altercation involving Charles, his roommate, and several New Orleans police officers on Monday, July 23, 1900, and ended when Charles was killed on Friday, July 27.
Robert Charles came to New Orleans from Mississippi and was a self-educated, articulate activist. He believed in self-defense for the African-American community and encouraged African-Americans in the United States to move to Liberia to escape racial discrimination.〔http://www.blackpast.org/?q=aah/robert-charles-riots-1900.〕
==Civil unrest==
Louisiana was a racially diverse state around the start of the 20th century. Its population was listed at 730,000 'white' and 650,000 'negro' by the Twelfth Census of the United States.〔Twelfth Census of the United States, taken in the Year 1900. Volume I. Part I p. 725〕 Louisiana law attempted to keep these two populations separate at the end of the 19th century. ''Plessy vs. Ferguson'' was originally a Louisiana case before going to the Supreme Court, and the state of Louisiana had passed eight Jim Crow laws by 1900.〔http://www.jimcrowhistory.org/resources/lessonplans/hs_es_jim_crow_laws.htm ()〕 The effect of segregation laws was clear in the city of New Orleans at the beginning of the 20th century: "Signs of increasing animosity between the races were to be seen almost daily in New Orleans during June and July 1900. Both the police and press received an unprecedented number of complaints."〔Hair – ''Carnival of Fury'' p. 140–141〕
Racial tensions were increased by the racist undertones of New Orleans newspapers, which were "becoming more stridently racist in their editorial columns and treatment of the news."〔 The confrontational journalistic practices of Henry J. Hearsay and the ''States'' newspaper caused racial rifts in New Orleans. Hearsay, a former Major in the Confederate Army, stated in one article that "if () listen to the screeds of agitators in the North...the result will be a race war, and race war means extermination...Then the negro problem of Louisiana at least will be solved–and that by extermination."〔Hair – ''Carnival of Fury'' p. 91〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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